Ευπάθεια ποικιλιών ελιάς σε διάφορα στελέχη του Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi.

Abstract

Το παθογόνο αίτιο που προκαλεί την φυματίωση της ελιάς είναι το βακτήριο Pseudomonas savastanoi subsp. savastanoi (συν. Pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi, P. savastanoi, P. tonelliana, Bacterium savastanoi). Ανήκει στην οικογένεια Pseudomonaceae και όπως όλους τους μικροοργανισμούς που κατατάσσονται σε αυτή την κατηγορία έτσι και το Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi είναι ευθύ ή ελαφρώς κυρτωμένο, αρνητικό κατά Gram, ραβδόμορφο και αυστηρώς αερόβιο βακτήριο, κινούμενο με πολικά μαστίγια (Τζάμος).

Olive knot disease caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi is widespread throughout the major olive growing regions. Hypertrophied enlargements (galls or knots) more or less spherical in shape up to 2.5 cm in diameter develop mostly on shoots, twigs, branches and trunks. Fruit infection, as roughly circular brown spots of 0.5-2.5 mm in diameter, is another form of disease which develops during wet summers. All olive cultivars are equally susceptible to the pathogen. However, the differences in disease distribution and severity observed between cultivars and areas are directly related to the degree of wounding from whatever cause (frost, hailstorm, harvesting injures), especially when they are accompanied by rainy and wet weather or moist winds. Harvesting by beating the trees with sticks is an important epidemiological factor for disease. Olive knot control involves pruning in summer to remove inoculum (knots in the trees) and tree protection with copper containing bactericides prior to and during the rainy season. The experiment have contucted to test the susceptibility of greek cultivars at different strains of bacteria Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi.